In 80 BC while still serving under Thermus, he played a pivotal role in the siege of Miletus.
While still in Asia Minor, Caesar was involved in several military operations. According to Suetonius, the dictator in relenting on Caesar’s proscription said, "He whose life you so much desire will one day be the overthrow of the part of nobles, whose cause you have sustained with me for in this one Caesar, you will find many a Marius."ĭespite Sulla's pardon, Caesar did not remain in Rome and left for military service in Asia and Cilicia. In a prophetic moment, Sulla was said to comment on the dangers of letting Caesar live. Sulla pardoned Caesar and his family and allowed him to return to Rome. Sulla ordered Caesar to divorce Cornelia in 82 BC, but Caesar refused and prudently left Rome to hide. Thus, when Sulla emerged as the winner of this civil war and began his program of proscriptions, Caesar, not yet 20 years old, was in a bad position. Both Marius and his father had left Caesar much of their property and wealth in their wills. To make matters worse, in the year 85 BC, just after Caesar turned 15, his father grew ill and soon died. Not only was he Marius' nephew, he was also married to Cornelia Cinnilla, the youngest daughter of Lucius Cornelius Cinna, Marius' greatest supporter and Sulla's enemy. Caesar was tied to the Marius party through family connections. Several disputes of the Marius faction against Lucius Cornelius Sulla led to civil war and eventually opened the way to Sulla's dictatorship. Towards the end of Marius' life in 86 BC, internal politics reached a breaking point.
Marius became one of the richest men in Rome at the time and while he gained political clout, the Caesar family gained the wealth.
His paternal aunt, Julia, married Gaius Marius, a talented general and reformer of the Roman army. Thus, no member of his family had achieved any outstanding prominence in recent times, though in his father's generation there was a renaissance of their fortunes. The Julii Caesares, although of impeccable aristocratic patrician stock, were not rich by the standards of the Roman nobility. Caesar was raised in the Subura, a lower-class neighborhood of Rome, where he apparently learned to speak several languages, including Hebrew and Gallic dialects. The dramatic assassination on the Ides of March was the catalyst for a second set of civil wars, which marked the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Roman Empire under Caesar's grand-nephew and adopted son, Caesar Augustus.Ĭaesar's military campaigns are known in detail from his own written Commentaries ( Commentarii), and many details of his life are recorded by later historians such as Suetonius, Plutarch, and Cassius Dio.Ĭaesar was born in Rome to a well-known patrician family ( gens Julia), which supposedly traced its ancestry to Julus, the son of the Trojan prince Aeneas, who according to myth was the son of Venus. Caesar's friend Marcus Brutus conspired with others to assasinate Caesar in hopes of saving the Republic. He was proclaimed dictator for life, and heavily centralized the already faltering government of the weak republic. In 55BC Caesar launched the first Roman invasion of Britain, and his conquest of Gallia Comata extended the Roman world all the way to the Atlantic Ocean, introducing Roman influence into what has become modern France, an accomplishment whose direct consequences are visible to this day.Ĭaesar fought and won a civil war which left him undisputed master of the Roman world, and began extensive reforms of Roman society and government. He was instrumental in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. March 15, 44 BC) was a Roman military and political leader. Gaius Julius Caesar ( Latin: IMP?C?IVLIVS?CAESAR?DIVVS ¹) (b.
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